Piperazine is an antihelminthic drug used in the management of roundworms and threadworms.
Mechanism of action.
- Blocks the response of the worms’ muscles to acetylcholine by causing hyperpolarisation of the nerve endings.
- This results in flaccidity and paralysis of the worms.
- The paralysed worms are then expelled from the GIT by normal peristalsis.
- The drug does not affect neuromuscular transmission in humans.
Adverse effects.
- GI upset, urticaria and headaches.
- Dizziness and excitement occur in high doses.
- Toxic doses cause convulsions, and death is due to respiratory failure.
Contraindication.
- Patients with hepatic, renal insufficiency and epileptics.
- Safe in the pregnancy.
Dose:
- For roundworm infestation, 4 g once a day for two consecutive days; children 0.75 g/year of age (maximum 4 g)
- Pinworm: 50 mg/kg (maximum 2 g) once a day for seven days or 75 mg/kg (maximum. 4 g) single dose, repeated after three weeks.
- PIPERAZINE CITRATE 0.75 g/5 ml elixir in 30 ml, 115 ml bottle; 0.5 g (as phosphate) tablets.
